To this day, 682 people have reached space altitude, making space exploration one of the most unique experiences. However, various animal species have been into space. This includes monkeys, dogs, and even chimps. But why do space agencies do this, and what is there to gain from such experimentation? Let’s learn more about animals in space and how they can help scientists to understand the conditions for life above the horizon.
Historical Context About Animals In Space
Space agencies, especially those of the Soviet Union, sent animals into space during the 1940s and 1950s. The first dog, named Laika, was sent into space in 1957. Following the footsteps of the Soviet Union, other countries, such as the U.S., also conducted similar experiments. However, they used different species, such as monkeys, mice, and even insects. As a result, all the people and agencies involved gained a lot of information from such missions, which are discussed later.
Scientific Purpose Behind Animal Space Flights
Many scientific studies are the reason for sending animals into space. In addition to gathering data, space stations also test their systems during the flight. It can help to prevent human casualties before any central mission. However, there are multiple instances where animals were harmed and thus jeopardising the ethics of such experimentation.
- Studying radiation effects on living organisms.
- Testing life-support systems and spacecraft safety.
- Understanding biological changes in zero gravity.
- Observing psychological and behavioural responses.
Why Did Russia Choose Dogs?
At that time, modern-day Russia was the Soviet Union. They were competing with America to become the first nation in space exploration. To stay ahead, they wanted to test their systems without compromising the safety of the cosmonauts. That’s why the agency used stray dogs since they were readily available on the streets. Moreover, it was the right decision because the dogs were resilient to extreme conditions and ultimately helped the country refine its spacecraft designs.
Other Varieties of Species Sent to Space
Other animal species have been sent into space for study and experimentation. At this moment, many other nations are also following Russia’s lead in sending animals into space, having done so in the past. However, they might target different studies and experiments, depending on the animals on board the spacecraft.
- Monkeys, chimps, and apes (for human-like physiology).
- Mice, rats, and guinea pigs (for biomedical insights).
- Insects and fish (to study reproduction and genetic impact).
- Tortoises and amphibians (for endurance studies).
The Ethical Debate About Sending Animals In Space
Unfortunately, the first dog (Laika) died in space. It was a terrible thing, but animal contributions like this are common in science. Animals used in labs are specimens that are used for studies and, in most cases, sacrificed for the research. However, some animals, such as dogs, hold a special place in human consciousness. That is the reason for a shift in protocols to ensure animal safety and health. As a result, the space agencies aim to strike a balance between research and animal welfare.
Do We Still Need Animals in Space?
Sending animals into space can provide a wealth of crucial information about safety, spacecraft, and other related topics. However, with the rise of AI and robotics, scientists can simulate the conditions that may reduce the need for animals. Additionally, fields such as current microgravity research and radiation studies offer alternative methods for achieving the same goals.
4 Primary Lessons Learned from Animal Missions
By sending animals into space, humans gained a wealth of valuable information. Whether it’s anatomy, mechanics, gravity, or safety, animals have helped us improve and advance technology. That’s why we should always be grateful to those animal species that sacrificed their lives so that humanity can thrive in space.
- Proof that humans could survive in space.
- Insights into long-term space travel challenges.
- Medical breakthroughs applied on Earth.
- The foundation for human space exploration.
Final Thoughts On Animal In Space
Space agencies have sent various animal species into space for various scientific purposes and studies. The first dog, Laika, was launched into space in 1957, and many countries have subsequently sent different animal species into space as well.
However, the ethical debate about the process in space has led to a shift in protocols to ensure animal safety. Finally, with advancements in robotics, alternative methods are being explored to use fewer animals for space missions and research.